如何在Windows 10上下载并安装Linux Bash Shell？

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Bash is the command-line interface for Linux distributions like Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, Mint, Kali, RedHat, Fedora, etc. Bash provides a lot of different types of commands and tools to manage a Linux system. In this tutorial, we will learn how to install Bash on a Windows operating system like Windows 10.

Bash是Linux发行版的命令行界面，如Ubuntu，CentOS，Debian，Mint，Kali，RedHat，Fedora等。Bash提供了许多不同类型的命令和工具来管理Linux系统。 在本教程中，我们将学习如何在Windows 10等Windows操作系统上安装Bash。

什么是Bash？ (What Is  Bash?)

Bash is the most popular shell or command line used in Linux distributions. Bash alternatives are Sh, KornShell, CShell, etc. Bash is the short form of the GNU Bourne-Again Shell and created in 1989 by the GNU supporter Free Software Foundation (FSF).

Bash是Linux发行版中最流行的shell或命令行。 Bash的替代品包括Sh，KornShell，CShell等。Bash是GNU Bourne-Again Shell的简称，由GNU支持者自由软件基金会(FSF)于1989年创建。

Windows Linux子系统(WSL) (Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL))

Containers are a new era of Virtualization where provides less resource usage and less complexity. Containers provide isolated environments for applications, processes, files, etc like a virtual system. Docker is the most known and popular containerization system. Windows also started full and complete container usage on Windows for Linux. It is called Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). This means the Linux operating system calls and standards are provided as a container on a Windows operating system. WSL is currently supported by the modern Windows operating systems like Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 and 2019.

容器是虚拟化的新纪元，在此时代，资源使用量减少，复杂性降低。 容器为应用程序，进程，文件等(如虚拟系统)提供隔离的环境。 Docker是最著名和最受欢迎的容器化系统。 Windows还开始在Windows for Linux上完全使用和完全使用容器。 它称为Linux的Windows子系统(WSL)。 这意味着Linux操作系统调用和标准作为Windows操作系统上的容器提供。 当前，现代Windows操作系统(例如Windows 10和Windows Server 2016和2019)支持WSL。

Bash安装 (Bash Installation)

In order to install Bash on Windows, we will enable the WSL and download a Linux container image like Ubuntu, SUSE, etc from Microsoft store. Then we will run this container from the Windows command line MS-DOS or PowerShell.

为了在Windows上安装Bash，我们将启用WSL并从Microsoft商店下载Linux容器映像，例如Ubuntu，SUSE等。 然后，我们将从Windows命令行MS-DOS或PowerShell运行此容器。

为Linux启用Windows子系统 (Enable Windows Subsystem For Linux)

First, we will enable or install Windows Subsystem For Linux (WSL) with the PowerShell.  We need Administrative features enabled by running PowerShell from Start Menu where we will right-click and then select Run as administrator.

首先，我们将使用PowerShell启用或安装Linux的Windows子系统(WSL)。 我们需要通过从Start Menu运行PowerShell来启用Administrative功能，在该Start Menu上单击鼠标右键，然后选择Run as administrator 。

We will run the following Enable-WindowsOptionalFeaturecommand in order to install and enable Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux feature.

我们将运行以下Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature命令以安装并启用Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux功能。

PS> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -O

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